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The Supreme Court yesterday took an important step toward resolving the growing uncertainty over the scope of National Bank Act preemption. In an order issued October 5, the Court invited the Solicitor General to file briefs expressing the views of the United States in three cases involving state laws requiring national banks to pay interest on mortgage escrow accounts: Cantero v.… Continue Reading

The FDIC has proposed a rule interpreting Section 24(j) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act, enacted as part of The Riegle-Neal Interstate Branching and Banking Efficiency Act of 1994, to provide parity between out-of-State state and national banks insofar as preempting host state laws even when the out-of-state, state bank provides services in a host State without maintaining a physical branch.… Continue Reading

First and Ninth Circuit decisions conflict with the Second Circuit, while the OCC has concluded that state escrow-interest laws are preempted

National bank preemption is headed toward another Supreme Court showdown. The Second Circuit has held that New York’s mortgage escrow-interest requirement is preempted, directly conflicting with the First Circuit’s decision upholding a comparable Rhode Island requirement and the Ninth Circuit’s decision allowing a similar California law to remain in effect.… Continue Reading

On Friday, May 15, 2026, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) issued two final rules on national banks’ and federal savings associations’ real estate lending powers related to mortgage escrow accounts. The actions codify a rule reflecting longstanding OCC precedent on mortgage escrow account powers and finalize the proposed preemption rule regarding interest-on-escrow laws, both of which the Second Circuit relied upon in its recent decision in Cantero v.… Continue Reading

In a decision issued May 5, 2026, a Second Circuit Court of Appeals panel in Cantero v. Bank of America, N.A., August Term 2024, Nos. 21-400, 22-403, once again held that New York’s General Obligations Law § 5-601, which requires mortgage lenders to pay at least 2% interest on escrow accounts is preempted by the National Bank Act (NBA) as applied to national banks like Bank of America.… Continue Reading

As our regular podcast listeners know, we ordinarily release a new podcast show once each week on Thursday. On a very few occasions, we have released a special extra podcast show during the same week. We have only done that when a development occurs which we feel is of extraordinary importance and time sensitive.… Continue Reading

On August 27, we blogged about the Ninth Circuit unpublished panel opinion in Kivett v. Flagstar Bank issued upon remand of the case from the Supreme Court with instructions to follow the guidance of the Supreme Court contained in its unanimous opinion in Cantero v. Bank of America. In Cantero, the Supreme Court reversed a Second Circuit opinion which had held that the National Bank Act preempted a New York State law requiring the payment of 2% interest on residential mortgage escrow accounts.… Continue Reading

In a surprising quick turn of events, on remand from SCOTUS, the 9th Circuit, on August 23, 2024, issued its unanimous unpublished panel opinion in Kivett v. Flagstar Bank, FSB (Kivett II) in which it essentially re-affirmed its earlier panel opinion holding that there is no preemption of a California state law which requires the payment of 2% interest on residential mortgage escrow accounts.… Continue Reading

On July 17, Acting Comptroller of the Currency Michael Hsu delivered prepared remarks before the Exchequer Club entitled “Size, Complexity, and Polarization in Banking.”

These were his first public remarks about the Supreme Court’s recent opinion in Cantero v. Bank of America. In that case, the Court reversed a Second Circuit opinion which had held that because of preemption a national bank need not comply with a New York law which requires the payment of 2% interest on residential mortgage escrow accounts.… Continue Reading

On this coming Thursday, July 11, from Noon until 1 pm, ET, we will be holding a Webinar Roundtable about the Supreme Court’s recent opinion on May 30, in which a unanimous Supreme Court reversed and remanded the Cantero v. Bank of America case to the Second Circuit. This is a case of extraordinary importance to national banks and non-banks that partner with them where the objective, at least in part, is to take advantage of a national bank’s preemption of state law.… Continue Reading